In 2016, more than 11 million people in the Unites States of America abused prescription opioids and nearly 1 million used heroin, according to the United States Government. Although millions of people in the country are addicted to opioids, only 1 in 10 get treatment.
根据美国政府的数据，在2017年，美国有超过110万人滥用处方鸦片类药物，而且，近一百万人使用海洛因。虽然在美国有几百万的人对于鸦片类药物上瘾，但是只有十分之一的人得到治疗。
In 2017, at least 64 000 people died from drug overdose in the Unites States. The misuse of, and addiction to, opioids—including prescription pain relievers, heroin and synthetic opioids such as fentanyl—is a serious national crisis that affects public health as well as social and economic welfare, with devastating consequences.
在2017年，在美国至少有64000人死于过量服用药物。对鸦片类药物例如处方止痛药、海洛因和合成阿片类药物如芬太尼的上瘾及滥用是一场严重的国家危机，该危机将对美国的公共卫生和社会经济福利造成破坏性的影响。
It is against this backdrop that the Harm Reduction Coalition—a national advocacy and capacity-building organization in the United States that works to promote the health and dignity of people and communities affected by drug use—convened its 12th National Harm Reduction Conference in New Orleans from 18 to 21 October.
与这背景唱反调的是降低危害联盟在十月十八号到二十一号在新奥尔良开展了第12届全国降低危害会议，该联盟是一个在美国进行国家级的倡导和能力建立的机构，旨在提升受药物使用影响的人们的尊严和社区的健康。
At the conference, the Harm Reduction Coalition called for the creation of spaces for dialogue and action to heal the harms caused by racialized drug policies. It also announced that it will move beyond traditional core activities in training, capacity-building and policy.
在该会议，降低危害联盟呼吁社会要提供空间，使对话和行动能够治疗人们基于种族化药物政策带来的伤害。而且，该联盟宣布它将会提供超越传统训练、能力建设和政策的核心活动。
The participants heard a call for a broader vision of harm reduction that extends beyond prevention and risk reduction to strategies to address trauma, social division, injustice and inequities.
众参会者听到联盟对于降低危害的更广阔的视野。该视野从预防和危机减少延伸至应对创伤、社会分歧、社会不公义和社会不平等的策略。
“We cannot end AIDS if we do not end it among people who inject drugs. UNAIDS is committed to harm reduction. Harm reduction works. Harm reduction saves lives,” said Ninan Varughese, Senior Adviser, UNAIDS.
如果我们不在注射吸毒者当中结束艾滋病，我们就不能彻底终结艾滋病。联合国艾滋病规划署委身于降低危害。降低危害不但管用，还能够拯救生命。
联合国艾滋病规划署高级顾问
Ninan Varughese
In the lead-up to the ministerial segment of the sixty-second session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, to be held in March 2019, the United Nations is discussing the issue of the world drug problem at the highest level. The United Nations Secretary-General will discuss the issue at his biannual meetings with the heads of United Nations entities and hopes to adopt a common position that will underscore the strong commitment of the United Nations to strengthen the implementation of the outcome document of the 2016 United Nations Special Session on the World Drug Problem through interagency collaboration.
在麻醉药品委员会第六十二届会议部长级会议即将在2019年三月举办，该会议是联合国在最高的级别上讨论世界药物问题。联合国秘书长将在与联合国各机构的负责人在两年一次的会议上讨论这个问题，希望采取一种共同立场，借此强调联合国通过机构间合作加强执行2016年联合国世界毒品问题特别会议成果文件的坚定承诺。
https://harmreduction.org/conference/
The state of the HIV epidemic in the high-income region of western and central Europe and North America shows what is possible when sufficient resources and strong health systems implement combination HIV prevention strategies, including antiretroviral therapy, condom promotion, harm reduction and PrEP. PrEP is being aggressively rolled out in the United States and some countries in western Europe, and data from some cities show that it is contributing to declines in new diagnoses of HIV infection among gay men and other men who have sex with men. In the United States in 2017, the percentage of people in need who were receiving PrEP appeared highest in New York (24%), Massachusetts (17%) and Iowa (16%); access was lowest in New Hampshire (0%), Vermont (0%) and Wyoming (1%).
在西欧、中欧和北美的高收入地区的艾滋病状态显示到若有足够的资源和强大的公卫系统去实践艾滋病综合预防策略，包括抗逆转录病毒治疗、安全套推广、降低危害和暴露前预防，很多东西是可能的。美国和西欧的国家雄心勃勃的展开暴露前预防的推广，该些国家的城市的数据显示了暴露前预防有助于降低男同志和男男性行为者的艾滋病新发感染率。在2017年，在美国纽约接受暴露前预防的有关人士占的百分比为最高（24%），其次是马萨诸塞（17%）和爱荷华州（16%）；新罕布什尔州（0％），佛蒙特州（0％）和怀俄明州（1％）的暴露前预防占比最低。